Human Rights In An Islam

Human Rights In An Islam

The Security Of Life And Property:
In the address which the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon HIM) delivered on the occasion of the Farewell Hajj, he said:
    "Your lives and properties are forbidden to one another till you meet your
     Lord on the Day of Resurrection." The Prophet (Peace be upon HIM) has also
    said about the dhimmis (the non-Muslim citizens of the Muslim state): "One
    who kills a man under covenant (i.e., dhimmi) will not even smell the
    fragrance of Paradise."

The Protection Of Honor:
The Holy Quran from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman" lays down:
    "O believers! let not the men scoff at the men, perchance they may be better
     than those who scoff, and nor the women at other women, perchance that
     they may be better than those women who scoff, and do not taunt one
    another and nor call one another by nicknames. What a bad name is, to be
    called a disobedient after being a Muslim, and those who repent not, they
    are the unjust. O believers! avoid most suspicions, verily some suspicion is a
    sin and do not look out for faults and do not backbite one another. Would
    any of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? You would abominate it.
    And fear Allah, Verily Allah is Oft Returning, Merciful." (49:11-12)

Sanctity And Security Of Private Life:
The Holy Quran from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman" has laid down the injunction:
    "O believers! enter not houses other than you own, until you take
    permission and salute the residents thereof. This is better for you, haply
    you may be heedful." (24:27)

The Security Of Personal Freedom:
Islam has laid down the principle that no citizen can be imprisoned unless his guilt has been proven in an open court. To arrest a man only on the basis of suspicion and to throw him into a prison without proper court proceedings and without providing him a reasonable opportunity to produce his defense is not permissible in Islam.

The Right To Protest Against Tyranny:
Among the rights that Islam has conferred on human beings is the right to protest against government's tyranny. Referring to it the Holy Quran from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman" says:
    "Allah likes not the utterance of evil words except one who is being
    oppressed. And Allah is Hearing, Knowing." (4:148)

In Islam, as has been argued earlier, all power and authority belong to Allah, and with man there is only delegated power which becomes a trust; everyone who becomes a recipient of such a power has to stand in awful reverence before his people toward whom and for whose sake he will be called upon to use these powers. This was acknowledged by Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A.) who said in his very first address:
    "Cooperate with me when I am right but correct me when I commit error;
    obey me so long as I follow the commandments of Allah and His Prophet
    (S.A.W.); but turn away from me when I deviate."

Freedom Of Expression:
Islam gives the right of freedom of thought and expression to all citizens of the Islamic state on the condition that it should be used for the propagation of virtue and truth and not for spreading evil and wickedness. The Islamic concept of freedom of expression is much superior to the concept prevalent in the West. Under no circumstances would Islam allow evil and wickedness to be propagated. It also does not give anybody the right to use abusive or offensive language in the name of criticism. It was the practice of the Muslims to inquire from the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon HIM) whether on a certain matter a divine injunction had been revealed to him. If he said that he had received no divine injunction, the Muslims freely expressed their opinion on the matter.

Freedom Of Association:
Islam has also given people the right to freedom of association and formation of parties or organizations. This right is also subject to certain general rules.

Freedom Of Conscience And Conviction:
Islam has laid down the injunction in the Holy Quran from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman":
    "There is no compulsion in religion; no doubt the virtuous path has become
    clearly distinct from the erring; then whoso does not accept devil and
    believes in Allah, he grasped a very firm knot which is never to open and
    Allah Hears and Knows." (2:256)

On the contrary, totalitarian societies totally deprive the individuals of their freedom. Indeed, this undue exaltation of the state authority curiously enough postulates a sort of servitude, of slavishness on the part of man. At one time slavery meant total control of man over man - now that type of slavery has been legally abolished but in its place totalitarian societies impose a similar sort of control over individuals.

Protection Of Religious Sentiments:
Along with the freedom of conviction and freedom of conscience, Islam has given the right to the individual that his religious sentiments will be given due respect and nothing will be said or done which may encroach upon his right.

Protection From Arbitrary Imprisonment:
Islam also recognizes the right of the individual not to be arrested or imprisoned for the offenses of others. The Holy Quran from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman" has laid down this principle clearly:
    "And no soul bearer of burden will bear the burden of another. And if any
    one heavily loaded calls any other to share its load, not anyone will bear
    anything from its burden, even though he may be a near relation..." (35:18)

The Right To Basic Necessities of Life:
Islam has recognized the right of the needy people for help and assistance to be provided to them. In the Holy Quran from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman", it states:
    "And in their wealth there was the right of the beggars and the
    unfortunate." (51:19)

Equality Before Law:
Islam gives its citizens the right to absolute and complete equality in the eyes of the law.

Rulers Not Above The Law:
A woman belonging to a high and noble family was arrested in connection with theft. The case was brought to the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon HIM), And it was recommended that she might be spared the punishment of theft. The Holy Prophet (Peace be upon HIM) replied:
    "The nations that lived before you were destroyed by Allah because they
    punished the common man for their offenses and let their dignitaries go
    unpunished for their crimes; I swear by Him Who holds my life in His hand
    that even if Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad, had committed this crime,
    I would have amputated her hand."

The Right To Participate In The Affairs Of State:
It states in the Holy Quran from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman":
    "And those who obeyed the command of their Lord and established prayer and
    their affairs are decided by mutual consultation and they spend something
    out of Our provision in Our way." (42:38)

The "Shura" or the legislative assembly has no other meaning except that the executive head of the government and the members of the assembly should be elected by free and independent choice of the people. Lastly, it is to be made clear that Islam tries to achieve the above mentioned human rights and many others not only by providing certain legal safeguards but mainly by inviting mankind to transcend the lower level of animal life to be able to go beyond the mere ties fostered by the kinship of blood, racial superiority, linguistic arrogance, and economic privileges. It invites mankind to move on to a plane of existence where, by reason of his inner excellence, man can realize the ideal of the brotherhood of man. The Holy Quran quotes come from the English translation of the "Kanzul Iman". This is, by far, the best English translation of the Holy Quran. The faults of the article above are entirely my own. All correct information gathered and written in the article above are entirely attributed to Allah. For He, in His Mercy and Kindness, shows this slave of His, the Right Path. A thousands blessings and Salams go to my hero, Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon HIM) As-Salatu Wa-Assalamu Alaikah Ya Rasulullah.